Under the UCC, when is a contract for the sale of goods enforceable despite the Statute of Frauds?

Under the UCC, when is a contract for the sale of goods enforceable despite the Statute of Frauds?

• A. A valid writing that satisfies the Statute of Frauds
• B. Only when the price is above the Statute threshold
• C. A valid writing that satisfies the Statute of Frauds, or exceptions such as specially manufactured goods or payment and acceptance
• D. A formal written contract regardless of writing

Answer: (C)

The main idea is that the UCC generally requires a writing for contracts for the sale of goods over a certain amount, but there are recognized ways a contract can be enforceable even without a perfect writing. A contract is enforceable despite the Statute of Frauds if there is a valid writing that satisfies the statute, or if one of the exceptions applies. The key exceptions are specially manufactured goods (where the goods are made to the buyer’s specifications and aren’t suitable for others in the seller’s ordinary course of business) and payment and acceptance (the buyer pays for or the buyer accepts the goods, making the contract enforceable to the extent of the payment or acceptance). There’s also a pleading-admission exception, but the important ones highlighted here are specially manufactured goods and payment/acceptance. So the best answer reflects both routes: a valid writing that satisfies the Statute of Frauds, or one of the listed exceptions such as specially manufactured goods or payment and acceptance. The other options are incomplete: focusing only on a writing ignores the exceptions, and unrelated constraints like price thresholds or a strictly formal written contract don’t capture the UCC approach.

The main idea is that the UCC generally requires a writing for contracts for the sale of goods over a certain amount, but there are recognized ways a contract can be enforceable even without a perfect writing.

A contract is enforceable despite the Statute of Frauds if there is a valid writing that satisfies the statute, or if one of the exceptions applies. The key exceptions are specially manufactured goods (where the goods are made to the buyer’s specifications and aren’t suitable for others in the seller’s ordinary course of business) and payment and acceptance (the buyer pays for or the buyer accepts the goods, making the contract enforceable to the extent of the payment or acceptance). There’s also a pleading-admission exception, but the important ones highlighted here are specially manufactured goods and payment/acceptance.

So the best answer reflects both routes: a valid writing that satisfies the Statute of Frauds, or one of the listed exceptions such as specially manufactured goods or payment and acceptance. The other options are incomplete: focusing only on a writing ignores the exceptions, and unrelated constraints like price thresholds or a strictly formal written contract don’t capture the UCC approach.